What is one of the primary functions of membrane bioreactors in wastewater treatment?

One of the primary functions of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) in wastewater treatment is to separate treated water from biomass. MBRs combine biological treatment processes with membrane filtration techniques. In this system, microorganisms break down organic matter in the wastewater while the membrane serves as a physical barrier that retains the biomass within the reactor while allowing treated water to pass through. This process offers several advantages, including the production of high-quality effluent, reduced footprint, and the ability to maintain a higher concentration of biomass, which can enhance treatment efficiency.

While other functions, such as filtering out viruses and pathogens, may occur due to the fine pore sizes of membranes used, the primary mechanism and operational strength of MBR technology is its ability to effectively separate solids from liquids while providing biological treatment in a compact and integrated system.